Journal: Kidney International Reports

Article Title: Early-Stage B-cells Predict Relapse After Rituximab Treatment in Patients With Membranous Nephropathy

doi: 10.1016/j.ekir.2026.106365

Figure Lengend Snippet: Reconstitution of B-cells over time. To characterize B-cell subsets, peripheral blood mononuclear cells were stained with fluorochrome-conjugated monoclonal antibodies (BD Biosciences) directed against the following antigens: CD45 (V500-C), CD3 (APC), CD19 (APC-H7), CD27 (BV421), IgD (PE), CD38 (BV711), CD4 (BV605), and CD8 (PE), as well as 7-AAD (Miltenyi Biotech). The stained cells were then analyzed using multicolor flow cytometry (BD FACS Lyric). The subsets of gated CD19 + cells were identified based on surface marker expression as follows: naïve (CD19+CD27-IgD+), nonswitched memory (CD19+CD27+IgD+), switched memory (CD19+CD27+IgD-), and double negative (CD19+CD27-IgD-); and within the CD19+CD38++ population, we distinguished transitional cells (CD19+CD38++CD27-IgD+), plasmablasts (CD19+CD38++CD27+IgD-), and double-negative CD38 + cells (CD19+CD38++CD27-IgD-). B-cell subsets were expressed as a percentage of the total lymphocyte count. (a) B-cell subpopulations were assessed in 39 patients at baseline and in 36 patients at 3 (M3), 6 (M6), 9 (M9), 12 (M12), and 18 (M18) months following the first rituximab infusion. The 3 patients who did not receive treatment were excluded from the follow-up. Complete depletion of B-cells was observed in all patients at M3 post-rituximab for all B-cell subpopulations. CD19 + cells reappeared 6 months after rituximab infusion. Naive cells re-emerged the most among B-cells, followed by CD38 + cells, transitional cells and finally memory cells. Data are shown as mean values (dots). (b–k) B-cell subpopulations at baseline and at subsequent time points were compared between relapsing patients ( n = 8) and nonrelapsing patients ( n = 19); the 2 patients who received additional anti-CD20 infusions were excluded from subsequent analyses. Data are shown as medians and interquartile range (IQR). P -values were calculated by comparing the median values of each cell subpopulation between relapsing and nonrelapsing patients using a nonparametric, unpaired Mann–Whitney U test.

Article Snippet: To characterize B-cell subsets, peripheral blood mononuclear cells were stained with fluorochrome-conjugated monoclonal antibodies (BD Biosciences) directed against the following antigens: CD45 (V500-C), CD3 (APC), CD19 (APC-H7), CD27 (BV421), IgD (PE), CD38 (BV711), CD4 (BV605), and CD8 (PE), as well as 7-AAD (Miltenyi Biotech).

Techniques: Staining, Bioprocessing, Flow Cytometry, Marker, Expressing, MANN-WHITNEY

Journal: Materials Today Bio

Article Title: Ultrasound-triggered carrier-free nanoprodrugs activate cGAS-STING pathway to enhance tumor-targeting chemo-immunotherapy

doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2026.102858

Figure Lengend Snippet: Evaluation of in vivo tumor growth inhibition by PBSN38-CUR. (A) Schematic illustration of the therapeutic schedule in a 4T1 murine breast cancer model. (B) Tumor volume change curves of the mice following various treatments. The 4T1 tumors harvested after the therapeutic evaluation were photographed and weighed (C and D) . Scale bar: 20 mm. Data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation of biological replicates (n = 5). Tumor-bearing mice were intravenously injected with PBSN38-CUR at an SN38-equivalent dose of 4 mg kg −1 and then treated without or with US irradiation (3 MHz, 1.5 W cm −2 , 50 % duty cycle, 10 min) 4 h after intravenous injection. (E) Representative images of H&E and TUNEL staining in 4T1 tumor sections after different treatments. Scale bar: 100 μm. (F) Characterization of tumoral DC maturation and CD8 + and Foxp3 + T cell infiltration following various treatments. (G) Serum inflammatory cytokine secretion from mice after various treatments. (H) H&E staining of lung tissue collected from mice 15 days after various treatments. (I) Tumor volume change curves of the mice after PBSN38-CUR and anti-PD-L1 antibody combination treatments. The 4T1 tumors harvested at the end of the therapeutic evaluation were photographed and weighed (J and K) . Scale bar: 20 mm. Data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation of biological replicates (n = 5). One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by the post-Tukey's multiple comparisons test was used to compare multiple groups.

Article Snippet: Picogreen dsDNA quantitation reagent was purchased from Yeasen Biotechnology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. InVivoMAb anti-mouse PD-L1 (B7-H1) antibody was purchased from Bioxcell.

Techniques: In Vivo, Inhibition, Standard Deviation, Injection, Irradiation, TUNEL Assay, Staining